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Pipes inspired by sharks' intestinal system have been built to allow one-way liquid flow without the necessity of valves. Researchers at the University of Washington constructed tubes with an interior helix that resembles sharks' corkscrew-shaped intestines. This idea may open the path for longer-lasting fluid transport systems by removing the need for standard valves. Sharks' intestinal anatomy, which naturally limits flow to a single direction, was investigated for potential technical uses.
The researchers reported its findings in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Sarah Keller, a chemist at the University of Washington, led the research, which looked into whether this biological mechanism might be recreated in synthetic systems. Keller told Science News Explores that the inquiry required coordination between specialists in physics and materials chemistry to enable complete testing and development of the concept.
Rigid and Flexible Helices are Tested
The researchers utilized 3D printing to make hard tubes that resembled the shark intestine's helical form. Each tube has different coil sizes, angles, and densities. These designs were tested with water flow to see how well they promoted one-way movement.
According to the paper, tubes with a downward-facing helix allowed water to flow two to three times quicker than those with an upward orientation. Ido Levin, a physicist engaged in the project, noted that the downward design mimicked the natural direction of shark intestines, resulting in excellent flow performance.
The paper also states that flexible versions of the tubes were created to study the impact of deformability on fluid dynamics. Levin claimed that when the helix was directed downward in the flexible tubes, the flow rate rose significantly—up to 15 times quicker. According to Keller, the interaction between the tube's material and the flowing liquid is still being studied in order to completely comprehend this phenomenon.
Future Applications Considered
Potential uses for this technology have been identified, particularly in sectors where dependability is crucial. Alshakim Nelson, a materials chemist on the team, said in a statement that such valve-free pipes might be beneficial in drainage systems or air-flow mechanisms where typical valves can break over time. The lack of moving components in this design is thought to increase longevity and minimize maintenance requirements.
Experts have emphasized the importance of these results for both engineering and understanding natural systems. The study's findings highlight how observations from nature might inspire novel approaches to familiar technological issues. Further research is expected to reveal further applications for these one-way flow systems.
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